Hungary’s Geopolitical Strategy in the Context of the European Union and the Organization of Turkic States: National Interests, Roles, and Implications (The Orbán Era, 2010–2026) Avropa İttifaqı və Türk Dövlətləri Təşkilatı Kontekstində Macarıstanın geosiyasi strategiyası: Milli maraqlar, rollar və nəticələr (Orban Dövrü, 2010–2026)
Scientific Work, vol.20, no.4, pp.248-263, 2026 (Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 20 Issue: 4
- Publication Date: 2026
- Doi Number: 10.36719/2663-4619/128/248-263
- Journal Name: Scientific Work
- Journal Indexes: Scopus
- Page Numbers: pp.248-263
- Keywords: Eastern Opening, European Union, foreign policy, hedging strategy, Hungary, Organization of Turkic States, Turanism
- Open Archive Collection: AVESIS Open Access Collection
- Ankara Haci Bayram Veli University Affiliated: No
Abstract
This study analyzes Hungary’s foreign policy orientation between 2010 and 2026 within the framework of its positioning between the European Union (EU) and the Organization of Turkic States (OTS). It examines Hungary’s “Eastern Opening” (Keleti Nyitás) policy as a multidimensional strategy that integrates economic pragmatism with identity-based foreign policy narratives. By combining hedging theory and constructivist approaches, the study explains how Hungary maintains its institutional embeddedness within Western structures while simultaneously expanding its external partnerships toward Eurasian actors. The findings indicate that Hungary seeks to preserve the economic and institutional benefits of EU membership while increasing its strategic autonomy through engagement with the OTS and broader Eastern networks. Energy security, economic diversification, and geopolitical positioning constitute the main pillars of this strategy. Historical and cultural narratives, particularly Turanism, operate as legitimizing identity frameworks that reinforce Hungary’s eastward-oriented diplomatic engagement.